Our Indexes

The world's leading
independent volatility indexes.

Five precision-engineered indexes that strip away the distortions of legacy vol measures — giving you a clean, real-time read on what options are actually pricing.

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VolDex®
A better way to measure option volatility
VolDex® focuses on the options that matter most—at-the-money (ATM) options with near-term expirations—giving a cleaner, more accurate view of implied volatility.

By isolating these highly liquid and actively traded contracts, VolDex avoids the distortion caused by less relevant, far out-of-the-money options. The result is a more precise snapshot of market expectations for price movement and investor sentiment—without the noise.
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CallDex®
A clearer signal of bullish sentiment & expected volatility
CallDex® tracks the cost of out-of-the-money call options to gauge market sentiment for the next 30 days. It uses call options that are one standard deviation out-of-the-money to measure what investors are expecting in terms of both volatility and potential price direction.

Higher CallDex values generally suggest traders are anticipating bigger moves or a possible market rally. Lower values indicate a calmer outlook or reduced interest in upside exposure.
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PutDex®
Focused on downside risk pricing
PutDex® delivers a clear, strike-specific measure of implied volatility by concentrating on one key data point: the normalized cost of a 30-day, one standard deviation out-of-the-money (OTM) SPY put option.

This approach isolates the segment of the options market most directly associated with downside protection, removing the noise from less relevant strike prices. The result precisely indicates market sentiment around tail risk, hedging activity, and bearish positioning.

By zeroing in on these put options—widely used by institutional investors to protect against market declines—PutDex offers valuable insight into how much investors are willing to pay to insure against losses over the next month.
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RiskDex®
A Clear Signal of Expected Market Direction
RiskDex® measures investor sentiment by comparing the normalized cost of 30-day, one standard deviation out-of-the-money (OTM) SPY put and call options. This simple ratio reveals whether the market is more focused on downside protection or upside opportunity — offering a direct view of expected equity direction over the next month.

Unlike traditional volatility indexes, which reflect overall price movement, RiskDex highlights directional bias. A rising RiskDex indicates OTM put prices are increasing at a faster rate than OTM call prices and suggests growing concerns about potential declines; a lower reading signals confidence or complacency.

This makes RiskDex a valuable tool for traders and risk managers seeking clarity on where the market thinks it's headed—not just how volatile it might be.
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TailDex®
A smarter signal for downside risk & tail hedging demand
TailDex® measures the price of deep out-of-the-money put options to assess bearish sentiment and demand for tail risk protection over the next 30 days. By focusing on puts that are three standard deviations OTM, it reflects how concerned traders are about a major downside move, often called a 'tail event'.

Higher TailDex values suggest rising demand for crash protection or increased fear of large selloffs. Lower values imply a calmer market tone and less urgency to hedge against tail risk.
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Volatility Cones FAQ & Glossary

Reference

Free to read

Volatility Cones FAQ & Glossary

Quick answers on realized vol, percentiles, RICH & CHEAP — each with a picture — plus the vocabulary, defined.

Frequently asked

What is a volatility cone?

A chart of the historical distribution of an underlying's realized volatility across several horizons, with today's implied vol dropped on top. It answers one question: versus its own past, are this asset's options expensive, cheap, or fair at each horizon?

The cone shape7d252dvol
Realized vs implied — what's the difference here?

Realized vol is what the underlying actually did — the annualized standard deviation of past returns. Implied vol is what options are pricing for the future. The cone is built from realized; the dot on top is implied (VolDex®). The gap between them is the edge.

Realized vs impliedrealized (past)implied (today)
What do RICH and CHEAP mean?

RICH = implied vol is above the 75th percentile of realized at that horizon (options expensive vs history; favor selling premium). CHEAP = below the 25th (options cheap; favor owning vol). In between is fairly priced. The percentile is the signal, not the raw vol number.

RICH / fair / CHEAPRICH (>75th)medianCHEAP (<25th)
Why is the cone wide on the left and narrow on the right?

Short-horizon realized vol is jumpy — one gap swings the 7-day reading — so its historical range is wide. Long-horizon vol averages over many days, so its range is tight. Wide mouth, narrow tip: that convergence is the cone, and it's mean reversion drawn as a picture.

Why it narrowswidenarrow
Which horizons does it use?

Seven fixed windows spanning roughly one week to one year of trading — from a 7-day horizon out to 252 days. Short windows capture event-driven vol; long windows capture the structural regime. Reading the short against the long is the realized-vol term structure.

Seven horizons760120252trading days
Why overlapping windows?

To get enough observations to form a distribution. Sliding the window one day at a time yields T − h + 1 readings per horizon — the classic Burghardt–Lane construction. The cost is some serial dependence between overlapping readings, which is well understood and standard desk practice.

Sliding windowshift 1 day, repeat
Is a CHEAP reading a buy signal?

It's an asymmetry, not a timer. CHEAP means almost no room down and the whole cone up — owning vol costs little with a large potential payoff. But cheap can stay cheap (2017). The cone keeps the asymmetry in front of you; it doesn't time the snap.

CHEAP = asymmetryroom up
How is this different from one implied-vol number?

A single number tells you the level. The cone tells you the percentile — whether that level is high or low for this asset, at each horizon. 40% means nothing on its own; 40% at the 90th percentile means something.

Level vs percentile40%?90th = RICH
Which underlyings are covered?

ETFs on the ETF Analytics tier; any optionable single stock on ETF + Equities. The full realized-vol history is available as a CSV export on the Everything tier.

CoverageETFssingle stocksCSV @ Everything
How does it relate to the other Nations tools?

The cone reads implied against realized history. The VolDex® Term Structure reads implied across tenors. The Skew Deconstruction reads implied across strikes. Same implied vol, three lenses — over time, across strikes, and versus its own past.

Three lensesConesTerm StructureSkewvs historyacross timeacross strikes
Does the cone predict the future?

No. It describes where today's implied sits versus realized history and shows the asymmetry mean reversion implies. It is context for a decision, not a forecast of the next move.

Context, not forecast?today's read, not tomorrow's move

Glossary

Realized volatility

The annualized standard deviation of past daily returns over a window. What the asset actually did.

Implied volatility

The volatility options are pricing for the future. Here, the Nations VolDex® at-the-money reading.

Volatility cone

Realized-vol percentile bands plotted across horizons; widest at short horizons, narrowing at long ones.

Percentile bands

Min, 25th, median, 75th, max of historical realized vol at each horizon.

RICH

Implied above the 75th percentile of realized — options expensive vs history.

CHEAP

Implied below the 25th percentile — options cheap vs history.

Horizon

The length of the realized-vol window, from 7 to 252 trading days.

Overlapping window

Sliding the estimation window one day at a time to maximize observations (T − h + 1).

Mean reversion

Vol's tendency to return toward its median — the reason the cone narrows and RICH/CHEAP are actionable.

VolDex®

Nations' clean at-the-money implied-vol reading — the dot dropped on the cone.

Do it live

Free reference. The tool and its data come with a plan — ETFs (ETF Analytics), single names (ETF + Equities), full history (Everything).

See plans →

Educational content from Nations Indexes. VolDex® is a registered mark of Nations Indexes. Diagrams are schematic. Click any diagram to enlarge it. Nothing here is investment advice.

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